Overview

This is the conclusion and the latest updates of vibe coding technologies — Laravel/PHP edition. Enjoy! The website pages that you have seen actually have 3 different aspects:

Skeleton (HTML): Imagine blocks when you are writing on Notion
Skin (CSS): Styling
Brain (PHP/JavaScript): Logics

HTML

Hyper Text Markup Language (HTML) is a file to define your website blocks and metadata. This is a required and main file that has to exist in order to create a website.

How to Start

In Laravel, HTML is written inside Blade template files with the .blade.php extension, located in:

resources/views/

Recommended editors:

Visual Studio Code
Cursor
PhpStorm

A basic Blade file looks like this:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
  <head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8" />
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" />
    <title>Document</title>
  </head>
  <body>
    @yield('content')
  </body>
</html>

Head vs Body

Head Tag

Inside <head> you usually place metadata such as:

Title
Description
OpenGraph tags
SEO information

These help when sharing your website or appearing in search engines.

Body Tag

Inside <body> is where the content of your website goes. Examples:

<h1>Hello World</h1>
<p>This is a paragraph <span>!</span></p>
<button>Click me</button>

Documentation reference: https://www.w3schools.com/tags/tag_comment.asp

Attributes

Tags can contain attributes. Example:

<img src="./image.png" alt="Image" /> <a href="https://www.google.com">Google</a>

Attributes:

src
href
alt

Each element may have different supported attributes.

CSS

Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) is used to style your HTML elements. CSS cannot run alone. It must be connected to an HTML file.

Linking CSS

In Laravel, assets are managed via Vite. Add this inside your <head> using the @vite directive:

<head>
  <title>Document</title>
  @vite(['resources/css/app.css', 'resources/js/app.js'])
  <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Inter:wght@400;700&display=swap" rel="stylesheet" />
</head>

Your CSS file lives at: resources/css/app.css

Custom Fonts

You can get fonts from: https://fonts.google.com. Search a font and copy the link tag into your Blade layout’s <head>.

Base Styling Template

Common CSS reset at resources/css/app.css:

* {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

body {
  font-family: 'Inter', Arial, sans-serif;
}

Explanation:

Reset browser default spacing
Prevent elements exceeding dimensions

CSS Selectors

Selectors target HTML elements. Types:

Tag selector
Class selector
ID selector

Example HTML:

<h1 class="title" id="title">Hello World</h1>

Example CSS:

h1 {
  color: red;
  font-size: 24px;
}

.title,
#title,
h1.title {
  color: blue;
}

body p {
  font-weight: bold;
}

Notes:

. → class selector
# → id selector

Magic Element: Div

div is a container element used to group elements. Example:

<div>
  <h1>Title</h1>
  <p>Description</p>
</div>

Commonly used as:

wrapper
container
layout block

Layout Styling Template

Flexbox

Used for horizontal or vertical layouts

display: flex;
gap: 16px;
flex-direction: row;

Options:

row
column

Grid

Used for card-based layouts. Example:

display: grid;
grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
gap: 16px;

Example use case:

Google Classroom style cards

PHP

PHP is the primary programming language of Laravel. PHP adds logic and interactivity on the server side.

PHP in Blade

In Laravel, PHP is written using Blade directives — a cleaner syntax compared to raw PHP.

{{-- Display a variable --}}
<h1>{{ $title }}</h1>

{{-- Conditional --}}
@if ($user)
  <p>Welcome, {{ $user->name }}!</p>
@else
  <p>Please login.</p>
@endif

{{-- Loop --}}
@foreach ($posts as $post)
  <p>{{ $post->title }}</p>
@endforeach

Blade Templating

Blade is Laravel’s built-in template engine.

Layout & Components

Create the main layout at resources/views/layouts/app.blade.php:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
  <head>
    <title>@yield('title', 'My App')</title>
    @vite(['resources/css/app.css', 'resources/js/app.js'])
  </head>
  <body>
    @yield('content')
  </body>
</html>

Use the layout in other pages:

@extends('layouts.app')

@section('title', 'Home')

@section('content')
  <h1>Hello World</h1>
@endsection

Blade Components

Components make your UI reusable. Create a component: resources/views/components/button.blade.php

<button {{ $attributes->merge(['class' => 'btn']) }}>
  {{ $slot }}
</button>

Use it in other pages:

<x-button class="btn-primary">
  Login
</x-button>

Laravel

Laravel is the most popular fullstack PHP framework today. Docs: https://laravel.com/docs Laravel includes:

Backend (PHP)
Frontend (Blade/Vite)
Routing
API
Built-in Authentication
ORM (Eloquent)

Getting Started

Install Laravel via Composer:

composer create-project laravel/laravel my-project
cd my-project

Main folder structure:

app/
  Http/
    Controllers/
  Models/
resources/
  views/
routes/
  web.php
  api.php

Run the project:

php artisan serve

Run Vite (for CSS/JS):

npm install
npm run dev

TailwindCSS

TailwindCSS allows styling without writing CSS files. Docs: https://tailwindcss.com Install in Laravel:

npm install -D tailwindcss postcss autoprefixer
npx tailwindcss init -p

Install the TailwindCSS IntelliSense extension for autocomplete.

Basic Syntax

Colors

bg-red-200
text-blue-900

Higher number → stronger color.

Size

text-lg
shadow-xl
rounded-sm

Spacing

p-6
m-24
py-20
mx-2
pl-3

Layout

flex
grid
gap-4
grid-cols-3
flex-col
mx-auto

Routing

Routing in Laravel is defined in routes/web.php (for pages) and routes/api.php (for API).

// Simple page
Route::get('/', function () {
  return view('welcome');
});

// Using a Controller
Route::get('/user', [UserController::class, 'index']);
Route::post('/user', [UserController::class, 'store']);

Dynamic Routes

Route::get('/user/{id}', function (string $id) {
  return "User ID: " . $id;
});

In a Controller:

public function show(string $id)
{
  $user = User::findOrFail($id);
  return view('user.show', compact('user'));
}

Route Groups & Middleware

Route::middleware(['auth'])->group(function () {
  Route::get('/dashboard', [DashboardController::class, 'index']);
  Route::get('/profile', [ProfileController::class, 'show']);
});

Controllers

Controllers handle the application’s business logic. Create a Controller:

php artisan make:controller UserController

Example Controller:

<?php

namespace App\Http\Controllers;

use App\Models\User;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;

class UserController extends Controller
{
    public function index()
    {
        $users = User::all();
        return view('users.index', compact('users'));
    }

    public function store(Request $request)
    {
        $request->validate([
          'name' => 'required|string|max:255',
          'email' => 'required|email|unique:users',
        ]);

        User::create($request->all());
        return redirect()->route('users.index');
    }
}

Rendering Methods

Server Side Rendering (SSR)

In Laravel, all rendering is done on the server side by default using Blade. Benefits:

SEO-friendly
More secure for sensitive data
Ideal for pages that require authentication

// Controller sends data to the view
return view('dashboard', ['user' => auth()->user()]);

Client Side Rendering (CSR)

For browser-side interactivity, use Alpine.js (lightweight) or Livewire (reactive without writing JavaScript). Alpine.js:

<div x-data="{ open: false }">
  <button @click="open = !open">Toggle</button>
  <p x-show="open">Hello World!</p>
</div>

Middleware

Middleware is used to protect routes. Create a Middleware:

php artisan make:middleware CheckAdmin

Example Middleware:

public function handle(Request $request, Closure $next)
{
    if (!auth()->user()?->is_admin) {
        abort(403);
    }

    return $next($request);
}

Route::middleware(['auth', 'admin'])->group(function () {
  Route::get('/admin', [AdminController::class, 'index']);
});

API Routes

Create API endpoints in routes/api.php:

Route::get('/posts', [PostController::class, 'index']);
Route::post('/posts', [PostController::class, 'store']);
Route::get('/posts/{id}', [PostController::class, 'show']);

Controller returns JSON:

public function index()
{
    return response()->json(Post::all());
}

Access via URL:

/api/posts

Infrastructure

Laravel Forge / Ploi

https://forge.laravel.com A deployment platform built specifically for Laravel. Features:

Server provisioning
GitHub integration
Automatic deployments
Automatic SSL

Railway / Render

Cloud platforms that support PHP/Laravel. Great for:

Small to medium projects
Fast deployment from GitHub

Supabase / PlanetScale

Cloud databases that can be integrated with Laravel. https://supabase.com Supports:

PostgreSQL (Supabase)
MySQL (PlanetScale)
File storage

OpenRouter

AI API platform with free credits. https://openrouter.ai Can be integrated with Laravel via its built-in HTTP client:

$response = Http::withHeaders([
  'Authorization' => 'Bearer ' . env('OPENROUTER_API_KEY'),
])->post('https://openrouter.ai/api/v1/chat/completions', [
  'model' => 'openai/gpt-4o',
  'messages' => [['role' => 'user', 'content' => 'Hello!']],
]);

Libraries & Packages

Eloquent ORM

Laravel’s built-in ORM for communicating with the database. https://laravel.com/docs/eloquent Benefits:

Safer queries
Prevent SQL injection
Easy data manipulation

Example:

// Retrieve all records
$posts = Post::all();

// Filter
$published = Post::where('status', 'published')->get();

// Create a new record
Post::create(['title' => 'Hello', 'body' => 'World']);

Laravel Breeze / Jetstream

Laravel’s official authentication starter packages. https://laravel.com/docs/starter-kits Supports:

Email/password
Google login (via Socialite)
OAuth

Install Breeze:

composer require laravel/breeze --dev
php artisan breeze:install
npm install && npm run dev
php artisan migrate

Laravel Sanctum / Passport

For API authentication. https://laravel.com/docs/sanctum Sanctum (simple):

composer require laravel/sanctum
php artisan vendor:publish --provider="Laravel\Sanctum\SanctumServiceProvider"
php artisan migrate

Use in API routes:

Route::middleware('auth:sanctum')->get('/user', function (Request $request) {
    return $request->user();
});

Livewire

A framework for building reactive UIs without writing a lot of JavaScript. https://livewire.laravel.com Install:

composer require livewire/livewire

Example Component:

// app/Livewire/Counter.php
class Counter extends Component
{
    public int $count = 0;

    public function increment()
    {
        $this->count++;
    }

    public function render()
    {
        return view('livewire.counter');
    }
}

{{-- resources/views/livewire/counter.blade.php --}}
<div>
  <h1>{{ $count }}</h1>
  <button wire:click="increment">+</button>
</div>

Bonus

Complete Laravel starter kit with:

Breeze (Auth)
Livewire
TailwindCSS
Eloquent ORM

Official reference: https://github.com/laravel/laravel

Community

Questions and contributions: https://laravel.io — Official Laravel community forum https://discord.gg/laravel — Laravel Discord Join the community to discuss and share your projects!

Certified Web Dev

Documentation Index

​Overview

​HTML

​How to Start

​Tags

​Head vs Body

​Head Tag

​Body Tag

​Attributes

​CSS

​Linking CSS

​Custom Fonts

​Base Styling Template

​CSS Selectors

​Magic Element: Div

​Layout Styling Template

​Flexbox

​Grid

​PHP

​PHP in Blade

​Blade Templating

​Layout & Components

​Blade Components

​Laravel

​Getting Started

​TailwindCSS

​Basic Syntax

​Colors

​Size

​Spacing

​Layout

​Routing

​Dynamic Routes

​Route Groups & Middleware

​Controllers

​Rendering Methods

​Server Side Rendering (SSR)

​Client Side Rendering (CSR)

​Middleware

​API Routes

​Infrastructure

​Laravel Forge / Ploi

​Railway / Render

​Supabase / PlanetScale

​OpenRouter

​Libraries & Packages

​Eloquent ORM

​Laravel Breeze / Jetstream

​Laravel Sanctum / Passport

​Livewire

​Bonus

​Community